Radiotherapy for bladder cancer uses precisely targeted, high‑energy X‑rays to damage the DNA of cancer cells so they stop growing and die. Planned from outside the body and shaped to the bladder, it aims to spare as much normal tissue…

Neurogenic bladder (also called neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction, NLUTD) means the nerves that control bladder filling and emptying aren’t working properly. When signals between the brain, spinal cord and bladder are disrupted, you may feel urgent, frequent needs to…

Bladder urgency, frequent trips to the loo, burning or pelvic pressure can make everyday life feel unpredictable. Food and drink don’t cause every bladder problem, but for many people they can turn the volume up or down on symptoms. The…

A “family history” of prostate cancer simply means the disease has affected close relatives — most often a father, brother or son. Your risk also increases if several relatives are affected, if they were diagnosed at a younger age, or…

Bladder cancer early symptoms are the first changes you might notice when an abnormal growth starts in the bladder lining. The most common is blood in your pee (haematuria), often painless. Others include peeing more often, urgency and a burning…

If you’re wondering what causes haematuria, you’re not alone. Haematuria simply means blood in the urine. Sometimes it’s obvious (pink, red or tea‑coloured urine), and sometimes it’s only picked up on a routine urine test. While common causes include urinary…

If you’re constantly scouting for the nearest loo, waking at night to wee, or bracing for a leak when you laugh, cough or exercise, you’re not alone. Bladder niggles are common at any age, but they’re not something you simply…

A prostate MRI, often called a multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), is a detailed, radiation‑free scan that uses strong magnets to create clear pictures of the prostate and surrounding tissues. By combining several imaging sequences, it can highlight areas that look suspicious…

A “kidney stone diet” is simply a way of eating and drinking that changes your urine volume and chemistry so crystals are less likely to form and clump. The main levers are staying well hydrated, getting enough calcium from food…

Antibiotics for UTI are prescription medicines that clear bacterial infections of the urinary tract — most often in the bladder (cystitis) and sometimes the kidneys (pyelonephritis). They work by stopping bacteria from multiplying or by killing them outright. Picking the…